Indian textile tradition is the world’s oldest textile tradition. The origin of indian textile can be traced back to the days of indus valley civilisation. Rigveda, the earliest of the Veda contains the literary information about textiles and it refers to weaving. Ramayana and Mahabharata, the eminent Indian epics depict the existence of wide variety of fabrics in ancient India. These epics refer both to rich and stylized garment worn by the aristocrats and ordinary simple clothes worn by the common people. The fragments of cotton material originating from gujarat found in the egyptian tombs support that discovery. There are occasional comments about the textile craft in most of the ancient indian writings as well. Indian textile was also exported to various countries since time immemorial. The history of vijayanagar empire (ad 1504), one of india’s celebrated dynasties emphasize that textile was an important trade. Indian geography, climate, social customs, availability of the raw material etc defines the art of indian textile.
India had numerous trade links with the outside world and Indian textiles were popular in the ancient world. Indian silk was popular in Rome in the early centuries of the Christian era. Hoards of fragments of cotton material originating from Gujarat have been found in the Egyptian tombs at Fostat, belonging to 5th century A.D. Cotton textiles were also exported to China during the heydays of the silk route. Silk fabrics from south India were exported to Indonesia during the 13th century. India also exported printed cotton fabrics or chintz, to European countries and the Far East before the coming of the Europeans to India. The British East India Company also traded in Indian cotton and silk fabrics, which included the famous Dacca muslins.Muslins from Bengal, Bihar and Orissa were also popular abroad.(Muslin-a very thin cotton material) (Chintz-cotton cloth, usually printed with flowery patterns, that has a slightly shiny appearance). The past traditions of the textile and handlooms can still be seen amongst the motifs, patterns, designs, and the old techniques of weaving, still employed by the weavers.
Manufactured and exported to various countries, indian textile has found a place in the global market. In an extensive range, variety and the textile products are offered, at economic prices. A wide range of textiles includes of Bed Linen, Curtains, Cushion Covers, Designer Bags, Designer Sheets, Designer Shoes, Handmade Paper, Handmade Quilts, Kitchen Linen, Table Linen, Wall Hangings etc. Differentt techniques can be used in indian textiles like Bandhani or Tie-and-Dye, Batik print, hand block-printing, Metal-thread Brocades, Chanderi etc to give a pleasant feeling to the decor. The contemporary Indian textile not only reflects the splendid past but also cater to the requirements of the modern times. The rich tradition of textile in India has been favored by a number of factors. The favorable factors leading to the extensive growth of textile tradition in India follows.
Indian textile can also make delicate crafts using various fabrics as basic material. The textile crafts ranges from dress making to embroidery, knitting etc. these crafts are basically undertaken a taste for fashion and/or producing various items such as clothing, furnishing, works of art etc. Clothes can make extremely elegant crafts by the keen craftsmen and using different techniques. The modern techniques of textile crafts include crochet and lace making, patchwork, and run making, spinning and weaving, tapestry, batik and tie dyeing.
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